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MRCPUK SEND 問題集

SEND

試験コード:SEND

試験名称:Endocrinology and Diabetes (Specialty Certificate Examination)

最近更新時間:2024-11-15

問題と解答:全200問

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質問 1:
A 16-year-old girl presented with primary amenorrhoea. In early childhood she had undergone an inguinal herniorrhaphy. She had no other medical history of note. There was a family history of infertility affecting a maternal aunt.
On examination, she had adult breast development but no pubic or axillary hair. Examination was otherwise normal.
What test is most likely to aid diagnosis?
A. MR scan of pituitary and olfactory bulbs
B. ovarian antibody titres
C. blood karyotype
D. ultrasound scan of pelvis
E. plasma gonadotropins
正解:C

質問 2:
A 26-year-old woman presented with recurrent Graves' disease. After discussing the treatment options, she chose radioiodine.
What dose of radioiodine is most appropriate in uncomplicated Graves' disease?
A. 700-900 MBq
B. 1000-1200 MBq
C. 400-600 MBq
D. 100-200 MBq
E. 1400-1600 MBq
正解:C

質問 3:
A 42-year-old motor mechanic was referred to the dermatologist with small cauliflower-like deposits on the points of his elbows. He was generally well, but on systemic enquiry, he described intermittent claudication. He had previously been hypertensive, and was taking thyroxine for primary hypothyroidism.
On examination, he was moderately obese. He had xanthelasmata on the upper eyelids of both eyes and tuberoeruptive xanthomata on both elbows, both knees and the nape of the neck.
Investigations:
serum alanine aminotransferase78 U/L (5-35)
fasting plasma glucose7.8 mmol/L (3.0-6.0)
serum urate0.48 mmol/L (0.23-0.46)
serum cholesterol13.4 mmol/L (<5.2)
serum LDL cholesterolnot measurable
serum HDL cholesterol0.90 mmol/L (>1.55)
fasting serum triglycerides9.32 mmol/L (0.45-1.69)
apolipoprotein E genotypehomozygous for apolipoprotein E2
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. familial combined hyperlipidaemia
B. heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia
C. type III hyperlipidaemia (dysbetalipoproteinaemia)
D. lipoprotein lipase deficiency
E. abetalipoproteinaemia
正解:C

質問 4:
A 25-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of thirst and polyuria. He had minimal weight loss and his body mass index was 26 kg/m2 (18-25). He had had sensorineural deafness since childhood. There was a very strong family history of sensorineural deafness and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Urinalysis showed no ketones.
Investigations:
random plasma glucose18.0 mmol/L
What is the most appropriate next step in management?
A. test for HFE genotype
B. water deprivation test to assess posterior pituitary function
C. test for mitochondrial diabetes
D. measurement of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies
E. genetic testing for maturity-onset diabetes of the young
正解:C

質問 5:
A 28-year-old man presented to his optician with a 6-month history of gradually deteriorating vision. He was found to have a visual field defect and was referred urgently to an ophthalmologist who confirmed the finding, and arranged the following investigations.
Investigations (at 09.00 h):
serum cortisol300 nmol/L (200-700) serum testosterone6.5 nmol/L (9.0-35.0) plasma follicle-stimulating hormone1.2 U/L (1.0-7.0) plasma luteinising hormone1.3 U/L (1.0-10.0) serum thyroid-stimulating hormone2.4 mU/L (0.4-5.0) serum free T411.1 pmol/L (10.0-22.0)
What is the most important next investigation?
A. prolactin
B. short tetracosactide (Synacthen@) test
C. adrenocorticotropic hormone
D. random growth hormone
E. insulin stress test
正解:A

質問 6:
A 16-year-old Caucasian girl presented with a 4-year history of facial hair growth, acne and secondary amenorrhoea.
On examination, her body mass index was 20 kg/m2 (18-25). Her gums and palmar creases were pigmented. Facial hair was evident on her upper lip and chin, and terminal hair was evident on her chest and abdomen. Her Ferriman-Gallwey score was 25. She had acne affecting her face and back.
Investigations:
serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate15 umol/L (3-12)
serum androstenedione12.2 nmol/L (0.6-8.8)
serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone120 nmol/L (1-10)
serum testosterone6.0 nmol/L (0.5-3.0)
serum sex hormone binding globulin18 nmol/L (40-137)
What treatment is likely to be of most benefit?
A. flutamide
B. cyproterone acetate
C. hydrocortisone
D. metformin
E. fludrocortisone
正解:C

質問 7:
A 25-year-old woman who was 4 months pregnant presented with weight loss of 3 kg over the previous 4 weeks, associated with intermittent palpitations, tremor and feeling of warmth. She was not taking any medication.
On examination, her pulse was 100 beats per minute and regular, and her blood pressure was 130/60 mmHg. A symmetrical non-tender goitre was palpable, with an audible bruit. There was no exophthalmos.
Investigations:
serum thyroid-stimulating hormone<0.1 mU/L (0.4-5.0)
serum free T445.2 pmol/L (10.0-22.0)
serum free T322.8 pmol/L (3.0-7.0)
anti-thyroid stimulating hormone receptor
antibodies40 U/L (<7)
What is the most appropriate treatment?
A. radioactive iodine
B. propranolol
C. subtotal thyroidectomy
D. propylthiouracil
E. carbimazole
正解:E

質問 8:
A 73-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus was reviewed because of borderline hypertension. He was taking metformin 1 g twice daily, gliclazide 160 mg twice daily, aspirin 75 mg daily and simvastatin 20 mg at night. He had a history of diabetic retinopathy.
On examination, his body mass index was 34 kg/m2 (18-25); his blood pressure was 146/86 mmHg. When he returned 2 months later, his blood pressure was 142/88 mmHg.
Investigations:
serum creatinine102 umol/L (60-110)
haemoglobin A1c66 mmol/mol (20-42)
urinary albumin:creatinine ratio
(untimed specimen)7.4 mg/mmol (<2.5)
According to NICE guidelines (CG66, May 2008), what is the target for blood pressure reduction?
A. <150/90 mmHg
B. <130/80 mmHg
C. <125/70 mmHg
D. <140/80 mmHg
E. <120/70 mmHg
正解:B

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MRCPUK Endocrinology and Diabetes (Specialty Certificate Examination) 認定 SEND 試験問題:

1. A 33-year-old woman was reviewed in the insulin pump clinic. She had had type 1 diabetes mellitus for 10 years. She had been treated with a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion 3 years previously, because of frequent hypoglycaemic episodes. She had recently undergone continuous glucose monitoring (see image).

Investigations:
haemoglobin A1c43 mmol/mol (20-42)
What is the most likely cause of the blood glucose trace seen between 08.00 h and 10.00 h?

A) blocked infusion set
B) dawn phenomenon
C) overcorrection of hypoglycaemia
D) inadequate basal insulin rate
E) inadequate mealtime insulin bolus


2. A 25-year-old woman presented at 28 weeks' gestation after a screening 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, which had shown a fasting plasma glucose of 5.6 mmol/L (3.0-6.0) and a 2h plasma glucose of 9.8 mmol/L (<7.8). She had a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a pre-pregnancy body mass index of 36 kg/m2 (18-25). Home blood glucose monitoring had shown persistently raised blood glucose despite dietary modification. She refused insulin because of needle phobia and was concerned about drug exposure to her unborn child.
The use of what hypoglycaemic therapy is acceptable in this situation?

A) gliclazide
B) sitagliptin
C) pioglitazone
D) exenatide
E) glibenclamide


3. A 36-year-old woman was seen in the clinic with a recurrence of hyperthyroidism after a 2year remission. She had been treated with carbimazole for 18 months following her original presentation. She was moderately symptomatic and was keen to be treated in the same way again. She was planning a pregnancy.
Investigations: serum prolactin240 mU/L (<360) serum thyroid-stimulating hormone<0.1 mU/L (0.4-5.0) serum free T428.0 pmol/L (10.0-22.0)
anti-thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies44 U/L (<7)
What is the most appropriate next step in management?

A) block-and-replace treatment with carbimazole and levothyroxine
B) referral for thyroidectomy
C) radioiodine treatment
D) propylthiouracil
E) carbimazole


4. A 64-year-old man was referred to the foot clinic. He had tripped over his cat 1 week previously and had complained of an ache in his left foot since then. He had a 12-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. He was taking metformin, gliclazide, pioglitazone, bendroflumethiazide, ramipril, simvastatin and aspirin.
On examination, his blood pressure was 154/88 mmHg. Foot examination showed absent vibration perception to his ankle. The dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses were easily palpable on both feet.
Investigations:
serum urea12.6 mmol/L (2.5-7.0) serum creatinine166 umol/L (60-110) haemoglobin A1c79 mmol/mol (20-42)
urinary albumin:creatinine ratio8.7 mg/mmol (<2.5)
X-ray of left footsee image

What is the most appropriate initial management for this deformity?

A) removable aircast boot
B) bed rest
C) full contact plaster cast
D) referral for urgent surgery
E) custom-made hospital footwear


5. A 55-year-old woman presented with a 3-week history of nausea and vomiting. Her only medical complaints were frequent dyspepsia, for which she was taking indigestion tablets, and asthma for which she was taking a salbutamol inhaler as required.
On examination, there was no evidence of lymphadenopathy, her chest was clear on auscultation and abdominal examination was normal.
Investigations (before and after taking omeprazole for 3 weeks):
beforeafternormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/1st h)44<30 serum creatinine (umol/L)17011060-110 serum corrected calcium (mmol/L)2.852.402.20-2.60
serum phosphate (mmol/L)1.90.8-1.4
serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (U/L)8525-82
plasma parathyroid hormone (pmol/L)0.44.40.9-5.4
What is the most likely cause of the hypercalcaemia?

A) primary hyperparathyroidism
B) sarcoidosis
C) parathyroid hormone-related peptide-secreting malignancy
D) multiple myeloma
E) milk-alkali syndrome


質問と回答:

質問 # 1
正解: E
質問 # 2
正解: E
質問 # 3
正解: D
質問 # 4
正解: C
質問 # 5
正解: E

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