Nutanix NCM-MCI-6.5 問題集

質問 1：
Task 12
An administrator needs to create a report named VMs_Power_State that lists the VMs in the cluster and their basic details including the power state for the last month.
No other entities should be included in the report.
The report should run monthly and should send an email [email protected] it runs.
Generate an instance of the report named VMs_Power_State as a CSV and save the zip file as Desktop\Files\VMs_Power_state.zip Note: Make sure the report and zip file are named correctly. The SMTP server will not be configured.
正解：
See the Explanation for step by step solution.
Explanation
To create a report named VMs_Power_State that lists the VMs in the cluster and their basic details including the power state for the last month, you can follow these steps:
Log in to Prism Central and click on Entities on the left menu.
Select Virtual Machines from the drop-down menu and click on Create Report.
Enter VMs_Power_State as the report name and a description if required. Click Next.
Under the Custom Views section, select Data Table. Click Next.
Under the Entity Type option, select VM. Click Next.
Under the Custom Columns option, add the following variables: Name, Cluster Name, vCPUs, Memory, Power State. Click Next.
Under the Time Period option, select Last Month. Click Next.
Under the Report Settings option, select Monthly from the Schedule drop-down menu. Enter [email protected] as the Email Recipient. Select CSV as the Report Output Format. Click Next.
Review the report details and click Finish.
To generate an instance of the report named VMs_Power_State as a CSV and save the zip file as Desktop\Files\VMs_Power_state.zip, you can follow these steps:
Log in to Prism Central and click on Operations on the left menu.
Select Reports from the drop-down menu and find the VMs_Power_State report from the list. Click on Run Now.
Wait for the report to be generated and click on Download Report. Save the file as Desktop\Files\VMs_Power_state.zip.
1.Open the Report section on Prism Central (Operations > Reports)
2.Click on the New Report button to start the creation of your custom report
3.Under the Custom Views section, select Data Table
4.Provide a title to your custom report, as well as a description if required.
5.Under the Entity Type option, select VM
6.This report can include all as well as a selection of the VMs
7.Click on the Custom Columns option and add the below variables:
a.Name - Name of the listed Virtual Machine
b.vCPUs - A combination of the vCores and vCPU's assigned to the Virtual Machine c.Memory - Amount of memory assigned to the Virtual Machine d.Disk Capacity - The total amount of assigned virtual disk capacity e.Disk Usage - The total used virtual disk capacity f.Snapshot Usage - The total amount of capacity used by snapshots (Excluding Protection Domain snapshots)
8.Under the Aggregation option for Memory and Disk Usage accept the default Average option

9.Click on the Add button to add this custom selection to your report
10.Next click on the Save and Run Now button on the bottom right of the screen
11.Provide the relevant details on this screen for your custom report:

12.You can leave the Time Period For Report variable at the default of Last 24 Hours
13.Specify a report output of preference (PDF or CSV) and if required Additional Recipients for this report to be mailed to. The report can also simply be downloaded after this creation and initial run if required
14.Below is an example of this report in a CSV format:

質問 2：
Task 9
Part1
An administrator logs into Prism Element and sees an alert stating the following:
Cluster services down on Controller VM (35.197.75.196)
Correct this issue in the least disruptive manner.
Part2
In a separate request, the security team has noticed a newly created cluster is reporting.
CVM [35.197.75.196] is using the
They have provided some new security requirements for cluster level security.
Security requirements:
Update the default password for the root user on the node to match the admin user password: Note:
192.168.x.x is not available. To access a node use the Host IP (172.30.0.x) from a CVM or the supplied external IP address.
Update the default password for the nutanix user on the CVM to match the admin user password.
Resolve the alert that is being reported.
Output the cluster-wide configuration of the SCMA policy to Desktop\Files\output.txt before changes are made.
Enable the Advance intrusion Detection Environment (AIDE) to run on a weekly basis for the cluster.
Enable high-strength password policies for the cluster.
Ensure CVMs require SSH keys for login instead of passwords. (SSH keys are located in the Desktop\Files\SSH folder).
Ensure the clusters meets these requirements. Do not reboot any cluster components.
正解：
See the Explanation for step by step solution.
Explanation
To correct the issue of cluster services down on Controller VM (35.197.75.196) in the least disruptive manner, you need to do the following steps:
Log in to Prism Element using the admin user credentials.
Go to the Alerts page and click on the alert to see more details.
You will see which cluster services are down on the Controller VM. For example, it could be cassandra, curator, stargate, etc.
To start the cluster services, you need to SSH to the Controller VM using the nutanix user credentials. You can use any SSH client such as PuTTY or Windows PowerShell to connect to the Controller VM. You will need the IP address and the password of the nutanix user, which you can find in Desktop\Files\SSH\nutanix.txt.
Once you are logged in to the Controller VM, run the command:
cluster status | grep -v UP
This will show you which services are down on the Controller VM.
To start the cluster services, run the command:
cluster start
This will start all the cluster services on the Controller VM.
To verify that the cluster services are running, run the command:
cluster status | grep -v UP
This should show no output, indicating that all services are up.
To clear the alert, go back to Prism Element and click on Resolve in the Alerts page.
To meet the security requirements for cluster level security, you need to do the following steps:
To update the default password for the root user on the node to match the admin user password, you need to SSH to the node using the root user credentials. You can use any SSH client such as PuTTY or Windows PowerShell to connect to the node. You will need the IP address and the password of the root user, which you can find in Desktop\Files\SSH\root.txt.
Once you are logged in to the node, run the command:
passwd
This will prompt you to enter a new password for the root user. Enter the same password as the admin user, which you can find in Desktop\Files\SSH\admin.txt.
To update the default password for the nutanix user on the CVM to match the admin user password, you need to SSH to the CVM using the nutanix user credentials. You can use any SSH client such as PuTTY or Windows PowerShell to connect to the CVM. You will need the IP address and the password of the nutanix user, which you can find in Desktop\Files\SSH\nutanix.txt.
Once you are logged in to the CVM, run the command:
passwd
This will prompt you to enter a new password for the nutanix user. Enter the same password as the admin user, which you can find in Desktop\Files\SSH\admin.txt.
To resolve the alert that is being reported, go back to Prism Element and click on Resolve in the Alerts page.
To output the cluster-wide configuration of SCMA policy to Desktop\Files\output.txt before changes are made, you need to log in to Prism Element using the admin user credentials.
Go to Security > SCMA Policy and click on View Policy Details. This will show you the current settings of SCMA policy for each entity type.
Copy and paste these settings into a new text file named Desktop\Files\output.txt.
To enable AIDE (Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment) to run on a weekly basis for the cluster, you need to log in to Prism Element using the admin user credentials.
Go to Security > AIDE Configuration and click on Enable AIDE. This will enable AIDE to monitor file system changes on all CVMs and nodes in the cluster.
Select Weekly as the frequency of AIDE scans and click Save.
To enable high-strength password policies for the cluster, you need to log in to Prism Element using the admin user credentials.
Go to Security > Password Policy and click on Edit Policy. This will allow you to modify the password policy settings for each entity type.
For each entity type (Admin User, Console User, CVM User, and Host User), select High Strength as the password policy level and click Save.
To ensure CVMs require SSH keys for login instead of passwords, you need to log in to Prism Element using the admin user credentials.
Go to Security > Cluster Lockdown and click on Configure Lockdown. This will allow you to manage SSH access settings for the cluster.
Uncheck Enable Remote Login with Password. This will disable password-based SSH access to the cluster.
Click New Public Key and enter a name for the key and paste the public key value from Desktop\Files\SSH\id_rsa.pub. This will add a public key for key-based SSH access to the cluster.
Click Save and Apply Lockdown. This will apply the changes and ensure CVMs require SSH keys for login instead of passwords.
Part1
Enter CVM ssh and execute:
cluster status | grep -v UP
cluster start
If there are issues starting some services, check the following:
Check if the node is in maintenance mode by running the ncli host ls command on the CVM. Verify if the parameter Under Maintenance Mode is set to False for the node where the services are down. If the parameter Under Maintenance Mode is set to True, remove the node from maintenance mode by running the following command:
nutanix@cvm$ ncli host edit id=<host id> enable-maintenance-mode=false
You can determine the host ID by usingncli host ls.
See the troubleshooting topics related to failed cluster services in the Advanced Administration Guide available from the Nutanix Portal'sSoftware Documentationpage. (Use the filters to search for the guide for your AOS version). These topics have information about common and AOS-specific logs, such as Stargate, Cassandra, and other modules.
Check for any latest FATALs for the service that is down. The following command prints all the FATALs for a CVM. Run this command on all CVMs.
nutanix@cvm$ for i in `svmips`; do echo "CVM: $i"; ssh $i "ls -ltr /home/nutanix/data/logs/*.FATAL"; done NCC Health Check: cluster_services_down_check (nutanix.com) Part2 Vlad Drac2023-06-05T13:22:00I'll update this one with a smaller, if possible, command Update the default password for the rootuser on the node to match the admin user password echo -e "CHANGING ALL AHV HOST ROOT PASSWORDS.\nPlease input new password: "; read -rs password1; echo "Confirm new password: "; read -rs password2; if [ "$password1" == "$password2" ]; then for host in $(hostips); do echo Host $host; echo $password1 | ssh root@$host "passwd --stdin root"; done; else echo "The passwords do not match"; fi Update the default password for the nutanix user on the CVM sudo passwd nutanix Output the cluster-wide configuration of the SCMA policy ncli cluster get-hypervisor-security-config Output Example:
nutanix@NTNX-372a19a3-A-CVM:10.35.150.184:~$ ncli cluster get-hypervisor-security-config Enable Aide : false Enable Core : false Enable High Strength P... : false Enable Banner : false Schedule : DAILY Enable iTLB Multihit M... : false Enable the Advance intrusion Detection Environment (AIDE) to run on a weekly basis for the cluster.
ncli cluster edit-hypervisor-security-params enable-aide=true
ncli cluster edit-hypervisor-security-params schedule=weekly
Enable high-strength password policies for the cluster.
ncli cluster edit-hypervisor-security-params enable-high-strength-password=true Ensure CVMs require SSH keys for login instead of passwords
https://portal.nutanix.com/page/documents/kbs/details?targetId=kA0600000008gb3CAA