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Admission Test GRE-Verbal 問題集

GRE-Verbal

試験コード:GRE-Verbal

試験名称:Section One : Verbal

最近更新時間:2025-03-30

問題と解答:全320問

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質問 1:
A certain strain of bacteria called lyngbya majuscula, an ancient ancestor of modern-day algae, is making
a comeback in ocean waters just off the world's most industrialized coastal regions. This primitive bacteria
has survived for nearly three billion years due to a variety of survival mechanisms. It can produce its own
fertilizer by pulling nitrogen out of the air; it relies on a different spectrum of light than algae do, allowing it
to thrive even in deep, murky waters; and when it dies and decays, it releases its own nitrogen and
phosphorous, on which the next generation of lyngbya feeds. Lyngbya emits more than one hundred
different toxins harmful to other ocean life as well as to humans. Commercial fishermen and divers who
come in contact with the bacteria frequently complain of skin rashes and respiratory problems, which can
keep these workers off the job for months at a time. The bacteria further disrupts local economies by
blocking sunlight to sea grasses that attract fish and other sea life. Scientists attribute the modern-day
reappearance of lyngbya, and the resulting problems, chiefly to nitrogen- and phosphorous-rich sewage
partially processed at wastewater treatment plants and pumped into rivers that feed coastal ocean waters.
It can be inferred from the passage that the lyngbya majuscula strain has survived for billions of years
partly because it
A. is threatened by few, if any, natural predators
B. adapts easily to changes in water temperature
C. possesses the ability to essentially feed on itself
D. emits harmful toxins that ward off potential predators
E. does not depend on light for its existence
正解:C
解説: (Topexam メンバーにのみ表示されます)

質問 2:
The striking consistencies among the folk tales of any region, especially the tale plots of independent
origins, like those among a region's languages, are owing to the fact that folklore, like language, is a
collective property-a socialized aspect of the culture subject to stricter and more uniform laws than fields
in which individual creation prevails. Folk tales do contain certain variable elements-for example, the
distribution of points of emphasis and the nomenclature (vocation) and attributes of the dramatic
personae-through which the teller's own personality and inclinations may find expression. Also, the
teller's choice among the repertory of the available genres (for example, fairy tales and anecdotes) and
among the known tales within each genre often reflect the teller's preferred manner of execution, while
the teller narrator typically assumes whichever character most closely resembles the teller. Nevertheless,
whereas in written literature a creative personality is free to shape entirely new roles, including that of
narrator, in storytelling all characters are predetermined by the tale. Attempts at biographical
interpretation almost invariably fail to convince; the tale must come before the teller
The passage as a whole can appropriately be viewed as
A. a description of the extent of the consistencies generally observed among a region's folk tales
B. an investigation into certain parallels between language in general and folk tales in particular
C. an argument that folk tales evolve over time as a result of both cultural shifts and individual creativity
D. an explanation as to why tellers of folk tales generally choose to conform to cultural expectations in
how they tell their tales
E. an examination of the ways in which story tellers imbue well-known folk tales with their own
personalities
正解:A
解説: (Topexam メンバーにのみ表示されます)

質問 3:
FALLOW : PRODUCTIVITY ::
A. bitter : taste
B. obscure : clarity
C. poisonous : protection
D. friendly : allegiance
E. handsome : attraction
正解:C
解説: (Topexam メンバーにのみ表示されます)

質問 4:
One aim of educational technology should be to _______ instruction more precisely to students' individual
needs, since vast differences in the ways students learn are _______ when they are taught the same
thing.
A. adjust . . overlooked
B. direct . . reinforced
C. design . . acknowledged
D. adapt . . discovered
E. retrofit . . undermined
正解:A
解説: (Topexam メンバーにのみ表示されます)

質問 5:
In classical literature, love was depicted not as an ennobling passion but as an unfortunate _______ that
disabled judgment, almost a kind of _______.
A. occurrence . . insecurity
B. sickness . . retribution
C. emotion . . crime
D. malady . . insanity
E. condition . . virtue
正解:D
解説: (Topexam メンバーにのみ表示されます)

質問 6:
IMPORTANT : PIVOTAL ::
A. impetuous : spontaneous
B. copious : thorough
C. minimal : voluminous
D. stern : draconian
E. salient : compulsory
正解:D
解説: (Topexam メンバーにのみ表示されます)

質問 7:
The author's overall concern is with describing the process researchers are following to identify the genes
responsible for preventing cell death and with the direction (and goals) of current research based on their
findings. Of the five choices, choice B. best expresses the gist of the discussion. enterprise was prepared
for privatization and which form was most suitable for it. Slow privatization, some claim, is the only way to
establish true private ownership, because only those who must pay for enterprise-ownership rights will be
engaged in its management. But this method would only prolong the core problems of inefficiency and
misallocation of labor and capital, and hence either of two approaches to rapid privatization is preferable.
Under one such approach, shares of an enterprise would be distributed among its employees, who would
become its owners. This socialist reform method is deeply flawed; it discriminates in favor of workers who
happen to be employed by modern, efficient enterprises, and it jeopardizes workers' property by requiring
them to invest in the same enterprise in which they are employed, rather than diversifying their
investments. The better approach involves distribution of enterprise shares, free of charge, among all the
people by means of vouchers-a kind of investment money. Some critics charge that voucher holders
would not be interested in how their enterprises are managed-as may be true of small corporate
shareholders in capitalist countries who pay little attention to their investments until the corporation's
profits wane, at which time they rush to sell their securities. But while the resulting fall in stock prices can
be perilous for the corporation, this very pressure is what drives private firms toward efficiency and
profitability. Other detractors predict that most people will sell their vouchers to foreign capitalists.
However, these skeptics ignore the capacity of individuals to compare the future flow of income secured
by a voucher to the benefits of immediate consumption. Moreover, even if an individual should decide to
sell, the aim of voucher privatization is to secure equality not of property but of opportunity.
Which of the following would the author probably agree is the LEAST desirable outcome of economic
reform in formerly Communist countries?
A. Equal opportunity for financial success among citizens
B. Effective allocation of labor
C. Equitable distribution of property among citizens
D. Financial security of citizens
E. Financial security of private enterprises
正解:E
解説: (Topexam メンバーにのみ表示されます)

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Admission Test Section One : Verbal 認定 GRE-Verbal 試験問題:

1. The origin of the attempt to distinguish early from modern music and to establish the canons of
performance practice for each lies in the eighteenth century. In the first half of that century, when
Telemann and Bach ran the collegium musicum in Leipzig, Germany, they performed their own and other
modern music. In the German universities of the early twentieth century, however, the reconstituted
collegium musicum devoted itself to performing music from the centuries before the beginning of the
"standard repertory," by which was understood music from before the time of Bach and Handel. Alongside
this modern collegium musicum, German musicologists developed the historical sub-discipline known as
"performance practice," which included the deciphering of obsolete musical notation and its transcription
into modern notation, the study of obsolete instruments, and the re-establishment of lost oral traditions
associated with those forgotten repertories. The cutoff date for this study was understood to be around
1 750, the year of Bach's death, since the music of Bach, Handel, Telemann and their contemporaries did
call for obsolete instruments and voices and unannotated performing traditions-for instance, the
spontaneous realization of vocal and instrumental melodic ornamentation. Furthermore, with a few
exceptions, late baroque music had ceased to be performed for nearly a century, and the orally
transmitted performing traditions associated with it were forgotten as a result. In contrast, the notation in
the music of Haydn and Mozart from the second half of the eighteenth century was more complete than in
the earlier styles, and the instruments seemed familiar, so no "special" knowledge appeared necessary.
Also, the music of Haydn and Mozart, having never ceased to be performed, had maintained some kind of
oral tradition of performance practice. Beginning around 1960, however, early-music performers began to
encroach upon the music of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. Why? Scholars studying performance
practice had discovered that the living oral traditions associated with the Viennese classics frequently
could not be traced to the eighteenth century and that there were nearly as many performance mysteries
to solve for music after 1750 as for earlier repertories. Furthermore, more and more young singers and
instrumentalists became attracted to early music, and as many of them graduated from student- amateur
to professional status, the technical level of early-music performances took a giant leap forward. As
professional early-music groups, building on these developments, expanded their repertories to include
later music, the mainstream protested vehemently. The differences between the two camps extended
beyond the question of which instruments to use to the more critical matter of style and delivery. At the
heart of their disagreement is whether historical knowledge about performing traditions is a prerequisite
for proper interpretation of music or whether it merely creates an obstacle to inspired musical tradition.
It can be inferred from the passage that the "standard repertory" mentioned in line 15 might have included
music that was written

A) during the early twentieth century
B) by the performance-practice composers
C) before 1700
D) to be played using obsolete instruments
E) before the time of Handel


2. Conflict had existed between Spain and England since the 1570s. England wanted a share of the wealth
that Spain had been taking from the lands it had claimed in the Americas.
Elizabeth I, Queen of England, encouraged her staunch admiral of the navy, Sir Francis Drake, to raid
Spanish ships and towns. Though these raids were on a small scale, Drake achieved dramatic success,
adding gold and silver to England's treasury and diminishing Spain's omnipotence. Religious differences
also caused conflict between the two countries. Whereas Spain was Roman Catholic, most of England
had become Protestant.
King Philip II of Spain wanted to claim the throne and make England a Catholic country again. To satisfy
his ambition and also to retaliate against England's theft of his gold and silver, King Philip began to build
his fleet of warships, the Armada, in January 1586.
Philip intended his fleet to be indestructible. In addition to building new warships, he marshaled one
hundred and thirty sailing vessels of all types and recruited more than nineteen thousand robust soldiers
and eight thousand sailors. Although some of his ships lacked guns and others lacked ammunition, Philip
was convinced that his Armada could withstand any battle with England. The martial Armada set sail from
Lisbon, Portugal, on May 9,1588, but bad weather forced it back to port. The voyage resumed on July 22
after the weather became more stable. The Spanish fleet met the smaller, faster, and more maneuverable
English ships in battle off the coast of Plymouth, England, first on July 31 and again on August 2. The two
battles left Spain vulnerable, having lost several ships and with its ammunition depleted. On August 7,
while the Armada lay at anchor on the
French side of the Strait of Dover, England sent eight burning ships into the midst of the
Spanish fleet to set it on fire. Blocked on one side, the Spanish ships could only drift away, their crews in
panic and disorder. Before the Armada could regroup, the English attacked again on August 8. Although
the Spaniards made a valiant effort to fight back, the fleet suffered extensive damage. During the eight
hours of battle, the Armada drifted perilously close to the rocky coastline. At the moment when it seemed
that the Spanish ships would be driven onto the English shore, the wind shifted, and the Armada drifted
out into the North Sea. The Spaniards recognized the superiority of the English fleet and returned home,
defeated
The ____ Armada set sail on May 9, 1588.

A) isolated
B) complete
C) answer not available
D) warlike
E) independent


3. CINNAMON : CONFECTION ::

A) collar : cuff
B) villain : tale
C) cliff : plateau
D) fence : prison
E) flank : horse


4. In 1892 the Sierra Club was formed. In 1908 an area of coastal redwood trees north of San Francisco was
established as Muir Woods National Monument. In the Sierra Nevada mountains, a walking trail from
Yosemite Valley to Mount Whitney was dedicated in 1938. It is called John Muir Trail. John Muir was born
in 1838 in Scotland. His family name means "moor," which is a meadow full of flowers and animals. John
loved nature from the time he was small. He also liked to climb rocky cliffs and walls. When John was
eleven, his family moved to the United States and settled in Wisconsin. John was good with tools and
soon became an inventor. He first invented a model of a sawmill. Later he invented an alarm clock that
would cause the sleeping person to be tipped out of bed when the timer sounded. Muir left home at an
early age. He took a thousand-mile walk south to the Gulf of Mexico in 1867and 1868. Then he sailed for
San Francisco. The city was too noisy and crowded for Muir, so he headed inland for the Sierra Nevadas.
When Muir discovered the Yosemite Valley in the Sierra Nevadas, it was as if he had come home. He
loved the mountains, the wildlife, and the trees. He climbed the mountains and even climbed trees during
thunderstorms in order to get closer to the wind. He put forth the theory in the late 1860's that the
Yosemite Valley had been formed through the action of glaciers. People ridiculed him. Not until 1930 was
Muir's theory proven correct. Muir began to write articles about the Yosemite Valley to tell readers about
its beauty. His writing also warned people that Yosemite was in danger from timber mining and sheep
ranching interests. In 1901 Theodore Roosevelt became president of the United States.
He was interested in conservation. Muir took the president through Yosemite, and Roosevelt helped get
legislation passed to create Yosemite National Park in 1906.
Although Muir won many conservation battles, he lost a major one. He fought to save the Hetch Valley,
which people wanted to dam in order to provide water for San Francisco.
In the late 1913 a bill was signed to dam the valley. Muir died in 1914. Some people say losing the fight to
protect the valley killed Muir.
When did Muir invent a unique form of alarm clock?

A) while the Muir family lived in Wisconsin
B) after he took the long walk
C) while the family still lived in Scotland
D) after he traveled in Yosemite
E) after he sailed to San Francisco


5. Although many of the company's board members were _______ about the impending deal, others were
_______ the benefits it would bring to the company.

A) pleased . . disturbed by
B) angry . . skeptical of
C) optimistic . . dubious about
D) euphoric . . confident of
E) chagrined . . unsure about


質問と回答:

質問 # 1
正解: D
質問 # 2
正解: D
質問 # 3
正解: B
質問 # 4
正解: A
質問 # 5
正解: C

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