GED GED-Science 問題集

質問 1：
-- Exhibit -
Our genes consist of DNA molecules. DNA fingerprinting allows the detection of DNA fragment patterns in different people. In this process, enzymes are used to "cut" a person's DNA into pieces. The length of these fragments differs from person to person and, therefore, there is little chance that two or more people will produce the same pattern. The DNA fragments of different people can be readily compared. DNA fingerprinting has many applications in law enforcement, medicine, and other areas.
The diagram below lists simulations of the DNA "fingerprint" band patterns for six individuals-a missing child and five young people who have the missing child's physical characteristics.

-- Exhibit -
Based on the DNA diagram, which of the five children might be related to the missing child?
A. Child 4
B. Child 1
C. Child 5
D. Child 3
E. Child 2
正解：D

質問 2：
What group of organisms would thrive as a result of land masses increasing and sea levels receding?

A. tuna
B. flowering plant
C. sponge
D. trilobite
E. starfish
正解：B

質問 3：
Mai Ling's lunch consists of a tuna fish sandwich on whole wheat bread with lettuce, a glass of milk, and carrot sticks.

According to the table at the left, which nutrient is missing?
A. vitamin A
B. protein
C. B vitamins
D. vitamin C
E. carbohydrates
正解：D

質問 4：
-- Exhibit -
The most realistic description of energy flow through an ecosystem is a food web that represents an interconnected series of food chains. In general, the greater the number of alternative channels through which energy can flow, the greater the stability of the food web and the ecosystem.

The diagram shows a typical food web for a wet meadow. The hawk and the fox obtain nourishment by preying upon rabbits, frogs, snakes, and mice. The fox may even eat grasshoppers. If, for example, the rabbit population is reduced, possibly because of bad weather during the breeding season, the fox and hawk would shift their predatory pressure to other forms of prey. The rabbit population would then have a chance to bounce back and the ecosystem would remain stable.
-- Exhibit -
Based on the diagram, which consumer would have the greatest chance of surviving if the amount of available prey changes during the different seasons?
A. rabbits
B. mice
C. foxes
D. hawks
E. snakes
正解：C

質問 5：
In order to remain healthy, the human body requires a certain level of vitamin D, which is synthesized in the body. Intestinal enzymes and sunlight convert cholesterol to vitamin D.
People who do not spend much time in the sun can acquire vitamin D from the food they eat or from vitamin supplements.
Which person would benefit the most from ingesting a moderate amount of vitamin D in supplements or in the types of food eaten?
A. coal miner who works underground
B. marathon runner
C. policeman who directs morning street traffic
D. food vendor at a day soccer game
E. mail delivery person
正解：A

質問 6：
Andrew is pushing a heavy crate up a ramp. The crate tends to slide back down the ramp and is thus hard to push up.
Trish suggests placing a rubber mat on the incline of the ramp to increase the friction between the crate and ramp. Then the crate would not slide back and would be easier to push up the ramp.

Which statement is the most serious criticism of Trish's suggestion?
A. The increased friction will make the crate harder to push up.
B. Friction already exists between the crate and ramp before adding a mat.
C. The increased friction will make the crate heavier.
D. Friction would be a serious factor only if the crate were larger.
E. A rubber mat would need to be large enough to cover the entire ramp.
正解：A

質問 7：
When water evaporates from a surface, the surface is cooled. From this information, which of the following would MOST likely keep the human body at a constant temperature?
A. avoiding drinking too much water when exercising
B. drinking juices rather than water when exercising
C. shivering when the outside temperature is very cold
D. perspiring more when the body becomes overheated
E. breathing rapidly on hot days
正解：D